Phát âm tiếng anh nâng cao – Unit 39: Ngữ điệu xuống và lên – Học Hay

A.

Trong đơn vị lời nói, có 1 sự thay đổi giọng nói chính (lên hoặc xuống), bắt đầu từ từ được nhấn cuối cùng của đơn vị nói. 

//you’ll arrive (rise)// at CENtral STAtion (fall)//

when you get OFF the TRAIN (rise)//

turn LEFT along the PLATform (rise)//

at the END of the platform (rise)//

there’s an EScalator (fall)//go UP it (rise)//

and you’ll be in the MAIN SQUARE (fall)//

there’s a FOUNtain (fall)// in the SQUARE (rise)//

and I’ll be WAIting for you THERE (fall)//

Những đơn vị nói này hoặc là có ngữ điệu lên (rise) hoặc có ngữ điệu xuống (fall)

B.

Ngữ điệu lên hoặc xuống có thể mở rộng chỉ qua một từ (có thể chỉ có một âm tiết) hoặc trên một số âm tiết không nổi bật ở cuối đơn vị lời nói:

 //NO (fall)//                                                                      //YES (rise)//

// he WORKS in a Supermarket (fall)//                   //is that a CHOColate MILKshake (rise)//

//I’ve Always wanted to go there (fall)//                              //do you LIKE living in Paris (rise)//

C

Ngữ điệu xuống chỉ ra rằng thông tin trong đơn vị lời nói là thông tin mà người nghe được cho là không biết. Ngữ điệu lên cho biết thông tin trong đơn vị lời nói là thông tin mà người nói và người nghe đã biết.  Việc phân biệt ‘tin mới’ hay ‘tin cũ’ theo cách này có thể giúp người nghe hiểu những gì đang được nói.

 D

Ta có thể dùng ngữ điệu xuống thay cho ngữ điệu lên để chỉ ra thông tin cũ:

A: Can you come over now?

B: //I’m QUITE BUSy (fall) // at the Moment (rise)//
or: B: //I’m QUITE BUSy (fall) // at the Moment (fall-rise)//

- Note: Việc dùng ngữ điệu lên hoặc xuống không quá quan trọng. Tuy nhiên, trong một vài trường hợp, bạn nên sử dụng.

39.1 Listen to the sentences and underline the last prominent word (where the main movement of the voice begins). Then show whether the voice rises or falls from there. (Note that each sentence is one speech unit.)

EXAMPLE: I’m quite tired again. (fall)

1 Was she really?

2 I suppose so.

3 I’ve always lived around here.

4 It’s broken down again.

5 Shall Ihave a go?

6 You remember Pablo.

7 I gave it to my son.

8 Can we go now?

9 One moment, please.

10 There was dust all over the place.

Now say the phrases aloud in the same way.

39.2 Listen and decide whether the speech units in the B parts have a rising tone or a falling tone.

Exampple A: Where on earth did you find that?
B: //I came across it (rise) // in an antique shop (fall)//

1 A: What time shall we leave?
B: // we could go now / as you’re ready //

2 A: What time did David get back?
B: //1 heard him come in // at about three //

3 A: I’m not sure his plan would work very well.
B: // 1 thought his suggestion // was ridiculous //

4 A: The hall was packed, wasn’t it?
B: // hate it// when it’s so crowded //

5 A: Do you want a drink?
B: //1 wouldn’t mind some orange juice // if you’ve got any //

6 A: When did they tell you it would get here?
B: // They said it would be delivered // by yesterday //

7 A: Have you heard Trio Gitano play before?
B: //1 first saw them perform // a couple of years ago //

8 A: I could move that easily.
B: // well why don’t you try // if you think you’re so strong //

Now listen again. Press ‘pause’ before each B part and read it aloud. Then press ‘play’ again and compare your pronunciation with what follows.

 

ĐÁP ÁN

39.1

Prominent words are underlined and the prominent syllables in these words are in capital letters.

1 Was she REALIy? (rise)                                               6 You remember PABlo. (rise)

2 I supPOSE so. (rise)                                                      7 I gave it to my SON. (fall)

3 I’ve ALways lived around here. (fall)                    8 Can we GO now? (fall)

4 It’s broken down aGAIN. (rise)                                               9 One MOment, please. (rise)

5 Shall I have a go?                                                          10 There was DUST all over the place. (fall)

39.2
(Speaker A = Wales)

The last prominent syllable in each speech unit (where the falling or rising tone starts) is in capital letters.

1 A: What time shall we leave?

B: // we could go NOW (fall)// as you’re READy (rise)//

2 A: What time did David get back?

B: // 1 heard him come IN (rise)// at about THREE (fall)//

3 A: I’m not sure his plan would work very well.

B: //1 thought his sugGEStion (rise)// was riDICulous (fall)//

4 A: The hall was packed, wasn’t it?

B: //1 HATE it (fall)// when it’s so CROWded (rise)//

5 A: Do you want a drink?

B: // 1 wouldn’t mind some Orange juice (fall)// if you’ve GOT any (rise)//

6 A: When did they tell you it would get here?

B: // They SAID it would be delivered (rise)// by YESterday (fall)//

7 A: Have you heard Trio Gitano play before?

B: //I FIRST saw them perform (rise)// a couple of YEARS ago (fall)//

8 A: I could move that easily.

B: // well why don’t you TRY (fall)// if you think you’re so STRONG (rise)//