Phát âm tiếng anh nâng cao – Unit 37: Cách biểu đạt mơ hồ’ không dấu nhấn – Học Hay

Cách biểu đạt không rõ ràng, mơ hồ thường được sử dụng trong cuộc trò chuyện khi chúng ta không cần phải chính xác. Nhiều trong số các cách biểu đạt này được tìm thấy ở phần cuối của một đơn vị lời nói . Chúng thường không được nhấn và thường theo sau từ được nhấn.

A.

- Khi ta nhắc đến một điều gì đó đã được đề cập, ta có thể dùng từ the stuff (cho danh từ không đếm được), the place(s) và the thing(s) (cho danh từ đếm được).

A: I’ve got some apple juice. Do you want some? B: No, I can’t STAND the stuff.

Jack seems to spend all his time in his bedroom. Never LEAVES the place.

My car’s always breaking down. I HATE the thing.

 

- Chúng ta có thể dùng những từ này với sort of để thể hiện rằng ta vừa mới đưa ra ví dụ về một nhóm lớn hơn. Ta thường dùng (all) this/that/theselthose trước sort of:

Before we could use the laboratory, we had to learn about safety and all THAT sort of stuff.

The book’s about corruption in sport — taking bribes, placing illegal bets and all THIS sort of thing.

When we were in Rome we were taken to museums, art galleries and THOSE sorts of places.

 

- Ta có thể dùng and stuff, and things và and places tương tự như vậy để nói đến một nơi/vật chung chung mà không phải đưa ra thêm chi tiết nào:

I bought some CHEESE and stuff.

We went through Berlin, BONN and places.

- Cụm từ and that được dùng chỉ những thứ/việc khác tương tự như vậy, mà không phải nói chi tiết cụ thể ra:

A: Where’s Kate? B: She’s gone upstairs to do her HAIR and that.

B

- Ta dùng or something/anything (etc.) làm cho câu nói của mình thêm mơ hồ và gián tiếp

Didn’t she use to be a VET or something?

He went off with KEN or somebody.

Isn’t there any chocolate in the FRIDGE or anywhere?

Let me know if you want any HELP or anything.

 

- or something/anything (etc.) like that cũng được dùng với cách tương tự

A: Linda seems very lonely.

B: Doesn’t she ever go out with FRIENDS or anything like that?

C

Cụm or/and + whatever/whenever/whereverhwhoever làm câu nói của mình ít trang trọng và ít trực tiếp

We could meet about TEN or whenever.

When we move into the flat, we might change the carpets and LIGHTS and whatever.

D.

Cụm or so được dùng để diễn tả con số và thời gian mơ hồ

A: How long will it take? B: About a WEEK or so.

We'd been driving for an hour, but we'd only gone a MILE or so.

 

- Note: Những từ như thing, place, something, whenever, etc. không chỉ được dùng trong cách biểu đạt mờ hồ. Vd:

This is the place I used to live.
What's this thing for?
We'll leave whenever you want.

37.1 Complete the sentences using vague expressions from the box.

the place             the-stuff              the things            or anything         or someone       or wherever

EXAMPLE: Hannah asked me to get some goat’s cheese, but I don’t know where to buy the stuff.

1 She got the job without even an interview …………….. .

2 You can buy them in a supermarket …………….. .

3 L used to work at the airport, but now I never go near …………….. .

4 I don’t like mice or rats. P’'ve always been terrified of  …………….. .

5 He’s staying with his cousin …………….. .

Now listen and check your answers. Then say the sentences aloud, making sure you make the vague expressions non-prominent.

37.2 Read this conversation in which Belinda is talking about her holiday, and underline all the vague expressions you can find.

A: You've just got back from Italy, haven’t you? The Amalfi coast or somewhere.

B: That’s right. We stayed in Positano. Do you know it?

A: Yes, I went there twenty years ago or something. But I don’t remember much about the place. A good holiday?

B: Well, we had some problems at first. They lost our luggage at the airport — it got put on the wrong plane or something like that. So the first night we didn’t have a change of clothes or toothbrushes or whatever. It turned up the following day, though.

A: So how did you spend your time there?

B: We just relaxed, walked around, sat on the beach and that sort of thing. And we looked around the shops and places.

A: Did you buy a lot of stuff?

B: No, just a few presents and things.

Now listen and circle the prominent word before each of these vague expressions.

EXAMPLE: The Amalfi coast or somewhere.

Check your answers in the Key. Finally, read the conversation aloud making sure you make the circled words prominent, the underlined vague expressions non-prominent, and that you link them smoothly.

37.3 Here are more comments about holidays. Listen and write the vague expressions used in the spaces.

EXAMPLE: There’s nowhere to leave the car: in a car park, at the hotel, along the street or anywhere.

1 All cars are banned from the town centre because of exhaust fumes .................. .

2 We'll probably go again for a month ............... .

3 When I got back to the hire car I couldn't t start ............... .

4 [had to pay 450 euros ............... .

5 We’re hoping to go back 1 next year, in the spring ............... .

6 There were no museums or art galleries .................. .

Now read the sentences aloud, making sure you make the vague expressions non-prominent.

 

ĐÁP ÁN

37.1

1 or anything

2 or wherever

3 the place

4 the things

5 or someone

37.2

Vague expressions are underlined, and prominent words before these vague expressions are bold.

A: You’ve just got back from Italy, haven’t you? The Amalfi coast or somewhere.

B: That’s right. We stayed in Positano. Do you know it?

A: Yes, I went there twenty years ago or something. But I don’t remember much about the place. A good holiday?

B: Well, we had some problems at first. They lost our luggage at the airport — it got put on the wrong plane or something like that. So the first night we didn’t have a change of clothes or toothbrushes or whatever. It turned up the following day, though.

A: So how did you spend your time there?

B: We just relaxed, walked around, sat on the beach and that sort of thing. And we looked around the shops and places.

A: Did you buy a lot of stuff?

B: No, just a few presents and things.

37.3

1... and that.                      3 ... the thing.                                    5 ... or whenever.

2... or so.                             4 ... or something.                           6 ... or anything like that.