Tổng quan về IELTS Speaking - Học Hay

- Thi nói IELTS Speaking là bài thi mặt đối mặt trực tiếp với người chấm thi. Cho dù bạn có thi IELTS trên máy thì phần thi Nói vẫn được thực hiện tương tự.

- Thi Speaking trong IELTS chỉ được thực hiện 1 lần cho 1 người thi.

- Mỗi bài thì IELTS Speaking đều được thu âm để bạn có thể yêu cầu chấm lại điểm (nếu cần).

- Người chấm thi cũng là người sẽ trực tiếp nói chuyện với thí sinh thi.

- Độ dài của phần thi Speaking trong IELTS từ 11 đến 14 phút (không hơn, không kém).

- Người chấm thi sẽ kiểm soát thời gian cũng như độ dài câu trả lời của thí sinh nên khi người chấm chuyển ý hay yêu cầu dừng lại thì bạn nên nghe theo.

- Nội dung bài thi IELTS Speaking bao gồm: 

+ Kiểm tra ID và chào hỏi

+ Phần 1: Q&A (Hỏi đáp) - 4 đến 5 phút

+ Phần 2: nói về một chủ đề cụ thể - 1 đến 2 phút, bao gồm 1 phút chuẩn bị 

+ Phần 3: thảo luận - 4 đến 5 phút

Có 4 tiêu chí chấm điểm IELTS Speaking:

• Fluency and coherence – Mức độ lưu loát và mạch lạc

Band 5	Band 6	Band 7	Band 8	Band 9
- Có mạch nói nhưng hay bị lặp lại, tự sửa lỗi bản thân hay nói chậm lại để tiếp tục - Dùng quá nhiều từ nối không cần thiết - Có thể nói các cấu trúc đơn giản nhưng chưa có sự trôi chảy trong các cấu trúc phức tạp	- Có khả năng nói liền mạch, nhưng vẫn chưa được lưu loát, có sự lặp lại hay ngập ngừng - Có dùng từ nối nhưng vẫn dùng chưa được thích hợp	- Nói liền mạch, tự nhiên - Có thể có một vài chỗ ngập ngừng - Sử dụng các từ nối hợp lý	- Nói liền mạch, chỉ ngập ngừng về ý chứ không ngập ngừng tìm ngôn ngữ để nói - Phát triển chủ đề hợp lý, mạch lạc	- Nói liền mạch, tự nhiên, hiếm lắm mới ngập ngừng hay lặp lại - Chỉ ngập ngừng về ý - Nói mạch lạc có sự liên kết giữa các ý - Phát triển chủ đề đầy đủ, hợp lý

 

• Grammatical range and accuracy – Phạm vi ngữ pháp và độ chính xác

Band 5	Band 6	Band 7	Band 8	Band 9
- Có thể dùng các cấu trúc câu đơn giản với độ chính xác không quá cao - Chỉ dùng một chút cấu trúc phức tạp nhưng dùng có lỗi sai và gây khó hiểu	- Sử dụng cả cấu trúc câu đơn và phức nhưng không nhuần nhuyễn - Lặp lỗi thường xuyên với cấu trúc câu phức tạp nhưng vẫn có thể giao tiếp	- Sử dụng cấu trúc câu phức tạp  - Nói nhiều câu không có lỗi nhưng vẫn bị có những lỗi cứ bị lặp lại	- Sử dụng nhiều cấu trúc câu phức tạp - Thỉnh thoảng chỉ mắc một số lỗi chứ không bị các lỗi lặp đi lặp lại	- Sử dụng các cấu trúc câu phức tạp một cách tự nhiên, hợp lí, không gượng gạo - Nói nhiều cấu trúc chính xác, chỉ trừ các trường hợp nói theo kiểu bản xứ

 

• Lexical resource – Vốn từ vựng

Band 5	Band 6	Band 7	Band 8	Band 9
- Có thể nói về các chủ đề khác nhau nhưng từ vựng bị hạn chế - Có cố gắng dùng từ đồng nghĩa nhưng không thành công	- Có vốn từ vựng đủ để nói về một chủ đề nào đó một cách rõ nghĩa - Dùng từ đồng nghĩa cũng có sự thành công	- Vốn từ vựng nhuần nhuyễn để thảo luận nhiều mặt của vấn đề - Sử dụng các từ không thông dụng, có cách nói riêng và sử dụng thành ngữ nói nhưng vẫn còn một vài chỗ chưa thích hợp - Sử dụng từ đồng nghĩa hiệu quả	- Sử dụng vốn từ vựng để truyền đạt ý đúng, chính xác - Sử dụng các từ không thông dụng, thành ngữ một cách thành thạo và hiếm xảy ra lỗi - Sử dụng từ đồng nghĩa hiệu quả như yêu cầu	- Sử dụng từ vựng đúng, chính xác và linh động, nhuần nhuyễn - Sử dụng thành ngữ nói, từ không thông dụng một cách thành thạo, tự nhiên

 

• Pronunciation – Phát âm

Band 5	Band 6	Band 7	Band 8	Band 9
- Phát âm đúng một cách hạn chế - Có phát âm sai gây khó hiểu cho người nghe	- Phát âm đủ âm tiết, trọng âm nhưng chưa ổn định - Dù có lỗi sai nhưng vẫn hiểu được nghĩa	- Phát âm đủ âm tiết, trọng âm  - Có sử dụng âm điệu để nhấn mạnh, thể hiện cảm xúc - Có nói nối từ nhưng vẫn còn sai hoặc không thích hợp	- Phát âm rõ ràng - Đúng trọng âm, âm tiết và âm điệu thích hợp - Có sử dụng âm điệu để nhấn mạnh, thể hiện cảm xúc - Nối từ chính xác, hợp lí	- Phát âm rõ ràng, chính xác và không gượng gạo - Sử dụng thành thạo âm điệu, trọng âm để diễn đạt cảm xúc, nhấn mạnh ý - Cách diễn đạt tự nhiên, dễ hiểu

 

IELTS Speaking bao gồm 3 phần chính:

• Phần 1:

Bạn sẽ được hỏi những câu hỏi chung về bản thân và vài chủ đề tương tự như là nhà bạn, gia đình, công việc, học tập và sở thích. Phần này kéo dài từ bốn đến năm phút. các câu hỏi đơn giản liên quan đến giao tiếp thông dụng, thường là về các vấn đề cá nhân như gia đình, công việc, việc học ở trường, sở thích cá nhân. Tránh đưa ra các câu trả lời ngắn gọn như “Yes, I do/No, I don't”.

• Phần 2:

Bạn sẽ được trao một mẫu giấy yêu cầu bạn nói về một chủ đề cụ thể. Bạn sẽ có một phút để chuẩn bị trước khi nói tối đa hai phút. Sau đó giám khảo sẽ hỏi bạn một hoặc hai câu về chủ đề này để kết thúc phần thi. Ở phần thi này, các chủ đề đưa ra vẫn khá đơn giản, dễ hiểu; và sẽ liên quan trực tiếp tới những trải nghiệm trong cuộc sống. Tuy nhiên, điều quan trọng là bạn phải sắp xếp ý như thế nào để bài nói của mình có trật tự, rõ ràng và dễ hiểu. Vậy nên hãy trả lời những đầu câu hỏi như What/ Where/ When/ Why/ How to use/ How often nhé.

• Phần 3:

Trong phần 3, bạn sẽ tham gia vào một cuộc bàn luận (discussion) với giám khảo về các chủ đề mang tính xã hội cao hơn và phức tạp hơn so với đề thi của các phần trước đó. Ở phần thi này, bạn cần thể hiện được các kĩ năng đưa ra quan điểm, dự đoán và nhận định về các sự kiện có thể xảy ra trong tương lai, nhận xét về các xu hướng và đưa ra giải pháp cho các vấn đề.

Bạn nên sử dụng các cách diễn đạt ý kiến khác nhau trong phần này thay vì sử dụng “ I think…”. Các bạn nên dùng nhiều cách diễn đạt khác nhau như “ In my opinion,..”, “ It seems to me that…”, “It appears to me that,…”, “In my point of view,…”.

• Phần 1:

Chủ đề	Câu hỏi
Work	What is your job? Where do you work? Why did you choose that job? Is it a popular job in your country? Do you like your job? Do you get on well with your colleagues? What was your first day like? What responsibilities do you have at work? If you had the chance, would you change your job? Do you plan to continue with your job in the future?
Study	What do you study? Where do you study that? Why did you choose that subject? Is it a popular subject in your country? Do you like that subject? Do you get on with your colleagues? What was your first day like? What are the main aspects of your subject? If you had the chance, would you change the subject? Do you plan to get a job in the same field as your subject?
Hometown	Where is your hometown? Do you like your hometown? Do you often visit your hometown? What is your hometown like? What is the oldest place in your hometown? What is there for a foreigner to do or see in your hometown? How could your hometown be improved? Has your hometown changed much since you were a child? Is there good public transportation in your hometown? Do you think your hometown is a good place to bring up children?
Home	Where is your home? Do you live in a house or a flat? Who do you live with? Are there many rooms in your home? What is your favourite room? How are the walls decorated? What would you change about your home? Do you plan to live there in the future? What facilities are there near your home? What is your neighbourhood like? Do most people live in houses in your country?
Birthday	Do you enjoy your birthdays? Do you usually celebrate your birthday? What did you do on your last birthday? Can you remember a birthday you enjoyed as a child? Do most people celebrate their birthdays with a party in your country? Which birthdays are considered important in your country?
Childhood	Did you enjoy your childhood? What is your first memory of your childhood? Did you have a lot of friends when you were a child? What did you enjoy doing as a child? Do you think it is better for children to grow up in the city or in the countryside?
Daily Routine	When do you usually get up in the morning? Do you usually have the same routine every day? What is your daily routine? Do you ever change your routine? Is your routine the same today as it was when you were a child? Do you think it is important to have a daily routine?
Family and Friends	Do you spend much time with your family? Who are you closest to in your family? Do you prefer spending time with your family or friends? Who is your best friend? Are you still friends with people from your childhood? Is family important in your country?
Hobbies	Do you have a hobby? What equipment do you need for it? Do you think hobbies should be shared with other people? Did you have a hobby as a child? What hobbies are popular in your country? Why do you think people have hobbies?
Internet	How often do you go online? What do you use the internet for? How do you get online? Do you have your own computer? What’s your favourite website? Do you think children should be allowed unsupervised access to the internet?

 

• Phần 2:

Chủ đề	Câu hỏi
Communication	Describe a piece of advice you recently received.
Daily Routine	Describe a time of the day you like.
Exercise	Describe an exercise you know.
Family	Describe a member of your family you get on well with.
Hobby	Describe an interesting hobby.
Internet	Describe a useful website.
Language	Describe a language you have learned.
Sport	Describe a sport you would like to learn.
Travel	Describe a place you have recently visited.
Vocation	Describe a vocation you think is useful to society.

 

• Phần 3:

Chủ đề	Câu hỏi
Education	What makes a good student? What role should the teacher have in the classroom? Do you think computers will one day replace teachers in the classroom? How has teaching changed in your country in the last few decades? What is the difference between the way children learn and the way adults learn? How can a teacher make lessons for children more interesting?
Family	Is family important in your country? How has the size of the family changed in the last few decades in your country? How do you think the family will change in the future? What role do grandparents play in the family in your country? Who do you think should be responsible for the care of the elderly, the family or the government?
Health	How can people improve their health? Do elderly people do much exercise in your country? Do you think all illness can be prevented? Do you think there will be less illness in the future? Do you think health care should be free? What makes a good doctor?
Internet	Do most people have a computer at home in your country? Do you think all the information on the internet is true? How can people find reliable information on the internet? How has the internet changed the way we live? How has the internet changed the way we work? Do you think the internet is safe for children to use unsupervised?
Media & News	Do you believe everything you read in the newspapers? How do most people get their news in your country? How do you think people will get their news in the future? How has TV changed our lives? Do you think TV influences the way we think? Should children be allowed to watch a lot of TVs? Are all people on TV famous? Do you think famous people have a responsibility to act as role models for the younger generation?
Nature	What are the main environmental problems in your country? Why should people be concerned about the environment? How can people protect the environment? Do you think money should be spent on protecting animals? Do you think more should be done to protect natural beauty spots in your country?
Society	What social problems are there in your country? What can be done to alleviate poverty? Are there any charities in your country? What is the difference between major crime and minor crime? Do you think all criminals should go to prison? Why do so many people move to live in cities? What problems does overpopulation cause?
Travel	Why do some people prefer to travel abroad rather than in their own country? Do you think travelling to another country can change the way people think? Do you think it is good for children to experience life in a foreign country? How have holidays changed over the past few decades? Do you think it is safer to travel now than in the past?
Work	Do you think job satisfaction is more important than salary when choosing a job? What skills do you think are needed to get a good job these days? Do you think women should be able to do all the same jobs that men do? How has technology changed the way we work? What is the difference between white-collar and blue-collar jobs? What jobs do you think are most valuable to society?

 

• Part 1:

Topic - "Your neighbourhood"

 

- Q: Do you like the neighbourhood you live in? [Why/Why not?]

- A: Yes, I do like the neighbourhood, in which I live, mainly because I have lived in this neighbourhood for a long, long time where everything is so familiar to me. Besides, this is a rather clean neighbourhood where houses and homes are built in a planned manner. I like my neighbourhood also because people here are mostly very friendly.

 

Q: What do you do in your neighbourhood in your free time? [Why/Why not?]

A: To tell the truth, these days, I don’t really get much free time to do anything much because of spending too much time at work. However, whenever I get some free time, I try to exchange greetings with good neighbours I know. I also try to take part in social events like birthday parties or picnics in my neighbourhood when I have free time. I also sometimes join some voluntary works that aim to help others or make our neighbourhood clean and green.

 

Q: What new things would you like to have in your neighbourhood [Why/Why not?]

A: No doubt, my neighbourhood is a nice one which has pretty much everything from nice/wide streets to clean ponds and lakes. However, it would be always nice to have new things, like a large swimming pool and a large playground for the children, to make my neighbourhood even a better place for living.

 

Q: Would you like to live in another neighbourhood in your town or city? [Why/Why not?]

A: No, I wouldn’t exactly like to live in another neighbourhood in my city, primarily because, I have spent a very significant part of my childhood and life in this place, and as such, I am too much emotionally attached to this place. Besides, my work is very closed to my neighbourhood which makes it even a more convenient place for me to live.

 

• Part 2:

Describe a website you have bought something from.

 

You should say:

what the website is

what you bought from this website

how satisfied you were with what you bought

and explain what you liked and disliked about using this website.

 

Model Answer:

I am not really much of an online shopper, primarily because I have some trust issues with their products and business ethics. Of course, the same can’t be said about all the websites, which are selling products online, because some of those e-commerce websites are really serious about their business. Today, I would like to talk about one such website, from which, I have recently bought a pair of shoes.

The name of this website is amazon.com. Now, there is no need for an introduction of this website because we all know that Amazon holds the title of as the world’s largest (and one of the best also) online retailer and shopping website which started its operation in the year of 1995 in the garage of a person called “Jeff Bezos” (the current owner and CEO) as an online book store in the USA.

Since then, it didn’t really have the time to look back. Today, with almost 200,000 employees, amazon.com is just as exotic and different as the Amazon River and rainforest which sells virtually all kinds of products from books to gourmet food and from lawn mowing tools to pieces of jewellery. Anyway, I used amazon.com in the past to buy things, and recently I've bought that pair of shoes. But, every time, I browsed the website, I asked myself how big it could possibly become as far as its reach and operation was concerned. In fact, after buying that pair of shoes from there, I felt like the website knew everything about the taste and preferences of its customers, no matter where they lived.

Anyway, I liked a number of features of the website. For example, the check-out, while purchasing the product, was really easy. In fact, it probably took me just 3 clicks to finish the purchasing process with my credit card. Besides, for each of its products, the website published literally thousands of serious reviews which certainly made it easy to decide on whether to buy the product or not. So, it was indeed an amazingly satisfying experience for me to buy something from amazon.com.

 

• Part 3:

Discussion topic: "Shopping online"

 

Q: What kinds of things do people in your country often buy from online shops?

A: Online shopping has both become a fashion and a real thing in my country. In fact, people in my country these days visit online shops first before thinking about going outside to buy anything, as they can pretty much buy anything from the online shops. Anyway, to be a bit more specific, things like clothing items, perfume, cosmetics, footwear, grocery items, sunglasses, electronic appliances, home appliances, TV, mobile phone, smartphones, and fashionable items, among many other things, are usually bought from the online shops by the people in my country.

 

Q: Why has online shopping become so popular in many countries?

A: Online shopping has become so popular in many countries because of several reasons. The main reason, of course, is being the convenience. After all, buying something, which you really like, from the comfort of your home is almost always preferable to going outside and wasting valuable time on the road. Besides, shopping online has become popular also because it can help people save a significant amount of money as many websites constantly offer and sell their products at a discounted price. Finally, it has become so popular because people can check and compare the prices of their products of choices relatively quickly and easily before making a decision.

 

Q: What are some possible disadvantages of buying things from online shops?

A: Just as there are advantages to buying things from online shops, there are some disadvantages too. For example, when we are buying something from online shops, the chances are that we are not actually getting all the right information about the quality of the products. In fact, in my opinion, without touching and feeling the products, by remaining physically present in a shop, is an experience we will always miss when shopping online. Besides, when shopping online, there always is a chance that the products on online shops are over-priced and do not look like the images that we see to decide to buy an item. Data breach and credit card fraud are two other disadvantages of shopping online.

 

Discussion topic: "Online retail businesses"

 

Q: Do you agree that the prices of all goods should be lower on internet shopping sites than in shops?

A: No, I can’t possibly think of many good reasons to agree with the suggestion that the prices of all goods should be lower on e-commerce sites than in shops. Of course, the companies can always offer their products at a discounted price online in order to increase their online sales from time to time. But, if they keep doing it on a regular basis, then the chances are that the people and customers, who don’t have any access to computer or internet (and trust me, still there are billions of such customers in this world), will certainly be on the losing side, apparently, because they won’t be able to buy anything from online. Moreover, despite no requirement for brick and mortar shops and no salesperson, e-commerce businesses spend a huge amount of money for advertisement and online marketing. So if they offer lower prices for all goods, it would be hard for them to run a profitable business in the long run.

 

Q: Will large shopping malls continue to be popular, despite the growth of internet shopping?

A: Yes, in my humble opinion, large shopping malls will still continue to be popular, despite the growth of internet shopping. After all, internet shopping doesn’t offer the opportunity to check and feel the products of our choices in real-time. Besides, internet shopping also lacks the opportunity for entertainment and socialization (ie. sitting at a food court and enjoying some good food items while having fun with friends and families) among the people, apart from getting out to enjoy some fresh air, which would always motivate people to visit large shopping malls every now and then.

 

Q: Do you think that some businesses (e.g. banks and travel agents) will only operate online in the future?

A: Well, unless all the businesses, shops and companies in the world start to use ‘virtual money’, and unless all people in the world have access to a computer and the internet, businesses like banks and travel agents won’t be able to operate online only. But, realistically speaking, the possibility of all people and all businesses in this world, getting access to computer and internet in the future because of extreme poverty in many parts of the world, is rather very slim, and therefore, some businesses would still need to operate offline to run their operation. But, I do agree that more and more banks would operate online, besides having their physical branches, to let people do banking transactions online, especially in cities.

 

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